GS CALTEX — BUSINESS COMPANYKREN

GS CALTEX — GROWTH & PERFORMANCE

SINCE 1967 59 Years Built by One Drop

In the year Korea launched its second Five-Year Economic Development Plan, a refinery rose from the tidal flats of Yeosu. Fifty-nine years on — the company's growth curve runs alongside Korea's own.

1967.05.19

Honam Oil Refining Co. founded

Joint venture of Lucky Chemical and Caltex (US)

1969.06.03

No.1 Crude Distillation Unit completed

First on stream at 60,000 bbl/day

2026 — TODAY

800,000 barrels a day

World's 4th-largest single refinery

THE PARALLEL — GROWING TOGETHER

As the company grew,
so did the country

In 1967, Korea's nominal GDP was ₩1.3 trillion. By 2025 it had reached ₩2,663 trillion — roughly 2,000 times larger. Over the same period, the Yeosu complex's crude refining capacity grew from 60,000 barrels a day to 800,000, and revenue climbed to ₩44.6 trillion. All three curves moved in the same direction, on the same timeline.

Each series has its own vertical scale, since their units differ in size. All three share the same horizontal timeline.
GDP — Bank of Korea National Accounts (2020 base year), nominal GDP · Revenue — 1980–2020 from "GS Caltex in Numbers," 2021 onward from GS Caltex IR consolidated income statements
Refining capacity — cumulative capacity at completion of CDU No.1–4 (1969 · 1972 · 1981 · 1996); risen gradually since 1996 through expansion and optimization, now 800,000 bbl/day

PERFORMANCE — 2025 RESULTS

2025 Key Financial Results

On a consolidated basis, 2025 revenue was ₩44.63 trillion and operating profit was ₩884.1 billion. Revenue fluctuates year to year with refining margins and oil prices, but operating profit and EBITDA have rebounded from their 2024 low.

0T KRW

REVENUE

2025, consolidated

0B KRW

OPERATING PROFIT

Up 61% year over year

0T KRW

EBITDA

Recovered from ₩1.54T in 2024

0employees

EMPLOYEES

Per 2025 Sustainability Report

SOUNDNESS — FINANCIAL STRENGTH

Revenue is exposed to volatility,
but the balance sheet kept improving

The debt-to-equity ratio fell from 111.8% in 2021 to 60.5% in 2025. Over the same period, total equity rose from ₩11.1 trillion to an all-time high of ₩13.8 trillion. All three domestic rating agencies have held GS Caltex's corporate bonds at AA+ for six consecutive years.

DEBT-TO-EQUITY RATIO — TOTAL LIABILITIES ÷ TOTAL EQUITY

2021111.8%
202292.6%
202380.2%
202476.9%
202560.5%

AA+

Domestic corporate bond rating
NICE Investors Service · Korea Investors Service · Korea Ratings
Held for 6 consecutive years, 2020–2025

BBB+ / Baa1

International credit rating (2025)
S&P BBB+ Stable · Moody's Baa1 Stable

Consolidated Income Statement · KRW trillion (K-IFRS)
Category20212022202320242025
Revenue34.5458.5348.6147.6144.63
EBITDA2.995.042.741.541.90
Operating Profit2.023.981.680.550.88
Net Income1.052.791.150.110.71
Consolidated Balance Sheet · KRW trillion (K-IFRS)
Category20212022202320242025
Total Assets23.5826.0424.3223.1722.08
Total Liabilities12.4512.5210.8210.088.32
Total Equity11.1313.5213.5013.1013.76
Debt-to-Equity Ratio111.8%92.6%80.2%76.9%60.5%

Debt-to-equity ratio = total liabilities ÷ total equity · Source: GS Caltex IR Financial Information (Income Statement · Balance Sheet)

MILESTONES — HOW THE PLANT GREW

From a single refinery
to an integrated energy company

It began with distilling crude by boiling point. Units to crack the leftover heavy oil came next, then others to rebuild naphtha into new materials — added one after another. Today's value chain is the result of that sequence.

1967Honam Oil Refining Co. foundedYeosu complex groundbreaking · First year of Korea's 2nd Five-Year Economic Development Plan
1969No.1 Crude Distillation Unit (CDU) completed60,000 bbl/day · Incheon lubricants plant completed
1988Polypropylene (PP) plant completedFrom refining to petrochemicals — the polymer business begins
1990No.1 Aromatics (BTX) and No.1 Paraxylene (PX) plants completedThe path from naphtha to clothing and PET bottles
1995No.1 Residue Fluid Catalytic Cracker (RFCC) completedThe first upgrading unit to crack leftover oil further
1996No.4 CDU completed · renamed 'LG-Caltex Oil'Cumulative refining capacity reaches 540,000 bbl/day
2005Renamed 'GS Caltex'A new name with the launch of GS Group
2007–2013No.2–4 Heavy Oil Upgraders completed (HCR · VRHCR · VGOFCC)Upgrading capacity of 275,000 bbl/day — No.1 in Korea
2012Won the $25 Billion Export Tower award'Yeulmaru' arts park opens in Yeosu
2022MFC (olefin production facility) completedLargest investment in company history, ₩2.7 trillion · Silver Tower Industrial Medal
2025Debt-to-equity ratio 60.5% · total equity ₩13.8 trillionAA+ domestic credit rating maintained · No.1 in NCSI gas stations for 17 straight years